Symbiont that damages its host but without living inside of its host.

Ectoparasitesas consist principally of various . These include , , , and . Non-arthropod examples include which serve as ectoparasites of fish.

See also superficial mycoses as well as cutaneous mycoses which also are and also act more or less on the surface of the body (skin).

Contrast ectoparasite and see generally parasite, parasitism, and parasitology.