Inability of organisms to mate because they exist in separate places.
Geographical isolation represents a prezygotic barrier to reproduction, though one that, uniquely, can lack a genetic component. Geographic isolation thus is something that tends to be imposed upon organisms, by geographical barriers, rather than something serving instead as a consequence of their genotypes.
Geographical isolation is highly relevant to the speciation process and this is particularly because it serves as the foundation for the allopatric speciation. That is, allopatric species begins especially with the separation of a single population into two, as due to the imposition of a geographical barrier.
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